The Philosopher's Toothache proposes that early modern Stoicism constituted a radical mode of performance. Stoicism--with its focus on bodily sensation, imagined spectatorship, and daily mental and physical exercise--exists as what the philosopher Pierre Hadot calls a "way of life," a set of habits and practices. To be a Stoic is not to espouse doctrine but to act. Informed by work in both classical philosophy and performance studies,...