The Lives of the Muses: Nine Women & the Artists They Inspired

"Muse" is a concept that brings to mind lovely women inspiring incredible works of art, literature and philosophy. The nine Greek muses embodied a liminal space somewhere between the realm of humans and the realm of gods. But what about those famous (and infamous) human muses who have inspired the creative works of some of the most revered artists? In THE LIVES OF THE MUSES, Francine Prose explores the idea of the mortal muses and the artists who relied on them. She asks questions about their own creative impulses and their identities, both in relation to their artists and alone.Prose examines nine muses, some obvious in their muse-hood such as Suzanne Farrell and Alice Liddell and other controversial figures like Gala Dali and Yoko Ono. Several are tragic figures and several are quite mysterious. And all have a unique and interesting biography, beautifully and honestly rendered by Prose. Prose's exploration of these nine muses is arranged in roughly chronological order. Each section gives readers insight into the life of the muse and the man (or men) she inspired. And each tale raises new and often difficult questions: Must a muse always be a woman? Must the muse always inspire a man? Is the muse's role active or passive? Does it always have a sexual component? And can a muse successfully maintain her own artistic identity and remain a muse?THE LIVES OF THE MUSES begins with Hester Thrale, muse of English writer Samuel Johnson. An intelligent and outspoken woman, Thrale was married to another man, yet was a companion of Johnson for many decades. While it is unclear whether or not their relationship was sexual, it was intellectually passionate and for many years she acted as his caretaker. Their witty exchanges were famous and his letters to her reveal an emotional dependency and a creative debt. Their friendship was all but ruined when, after being widowed, she married another man Johnson did not approve of. Thrale is a prime example of a muse intellectually equal to her artist; in fact, she was an accomplished writer herself.Other muses discussed by Prose are a bit more problematic. Take for instance Alice Liddell, the inspiration for Lewis Carroll's ALICE IN WONDERLAND. There is much speculation about the relationship between this little girl and this grown man. Prose is mostly concerned, however, with how Liddell functioned as a muse; in what ways she inspired and encouraged. The case of Alice Liddell raises questions about whether or not the artist always sees (or appreciates) the muse for who she really is as a person. The relationship between painter Dante Gabriel Rossetti and his wife Elizabeth Siddal demonstrates that the muse often loses her own identity in the one that the artist (and thus the audience) assigns her.Each of the nine woman examined in this wonderfully written book is interesting on her own. But collected together, their stories and lives speak to larger and more philosophical themes. Prose does a good job of not letting

THE LIVES OF THE MUSES examines how eight women (Hester Thrale, Elizabeth Siddal, Lou Andreas-Salome, Gala Dali, Lee Miller, Charis Weston, Suzanne Farrell, and Yoko Ono) and one little girl (Alice Liddell) provided essential inspiration to their artist companions. While artistic inspiration can come from many sources (music, fasting, prayer, meditation, romantic love), Francine Prose's book examines the romantic kind of artistic inspiration which arises between men and women -- with men typically playing the role of artist to the woman's role of muse. And who, exactly, is a muse? Francine Prose writes, "The muse is often that person with whom the artist has the animated imaginary conversations, the interior dialogues we all conduct, most commonly with someone we cannot get out of our minds." Francine Prose delves into some of the most intimate details of the muses' and artists' sexual lives, yet never loses touch with the vision of her book as a guidepost to better understanding the art of being a muse. While muses are chosen by artists, and therefore seemingly have no ability to chart muse-dom as a career path for themselves, they appear to share certain qualities with one another. For one thing, many muses have been intensely disliked by their contemporaries -- perhaps because people can intuitively sense that there is an unusually strong bond of love between an artist and his muse. If the subject of this book at times makes one feel uncomfortable, that is no doubt due to the fact that the interaction between artists and muses take people to the very greatest emotional heights and depths. The passions felt between artists and their muses are so tremendous that they sometimes provoke people's behavior to go completely out-of-control... yet these same passions present artists with some of their greatest sources of inspiration. Francine Prose's extraordinary book, THE LIVES OF THE MUSES, shows us a unique vision of how artists' lives are shaped and driven by the love and inspiration of their muses. It is the gift of the muse to offer her artist "that rare and precious spark ignited by genius and passion."

I bought this book as a birthday present for my daughter based on a review in the NYTimes. I started reading it before I wrapped it and could hardly put it down. Her father started too and we followed each other around the house reading it out loud to each other. At the birthday party, others there started in reading it and then reading it out loud to everyone. I did not know much about most of these women and less than I realized about the artist. A wonderful book, one of the best this year!

I believe it was Thomas Edison who said, "Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration." Nobody really wants to see the sweaty part...it's boring for us, and hard work for the artist. However, we are all fascinated by where that all-important 1% comes from. To a large extent, it's ethereal and mysterious. But one concrete thing we know is important, and which the non-artist can also understand (since it's universal), is love. But, as Ms. Prose knows, and makes clear to the reader, it's still a mystery how love (and the pain of lost love) gets transmuted into art. I think one of the reasons this book works so well is that Ms. Prose is, herself, a creative artist.....a well-regarded author of fiction. She has a lot of fun with human foibles....they are her stock and trade. She can be amusing (yes, pun intended!) and bitingly satirical. She knows that artists can be childish, self-centered and irresponsible. They can use other people, consciously and unconsciously, as grist for the creative mill. But Ms. Prose can also be sympathetic because, like everyone else, artists are "only human." Sometimes they just can't help themselves! Of course, artists can get away with a lot more than "regular" people....if they are perceived as having a touch of genius. So, we get to read about rude behavior, drug use (experimentation and addiction), alcoholism, promiscuity and assorted sexual hangups. We have artists using muses for their purposes.....sex and as catalysts of creativity....and we have muses using artists for their purposes...to provide a sense of purpose, to learn from the artist and, sometimes, just for the pot of gold the muse can see waiting at the end of the rainbow. Ms. Prose doesn't just give us the "dish"....though there is plenty of that: Dr. Johnson's apparent penchant for masochism......his muse, amongst her effects, had "Dr. Johnson's padlock"; Salvador Dali's weird obsession with his bodily functions; Lee Miller (Man Ray's muse) being photographed, in the nude, from childhood to adulthood by her father, etc. (By the time you get to the end of the book you start to wonder if there is really any such thing as being "normal"!) Ms. Prose does, however, move onwards to more philosophical realms: the mystery of creation and the limits to what we can know about the creative process; duality (the muse as artist and the artist as muse- such as Suzanne Farrell and George Balanchine and John Lennon and Yoko Ono); the fact that a muse can be both a positive and negative influence (Gala's providing Dali with inspiration but also steering him towards commercialism; the decline in John Lennon's creativity after his marriage to Yoko Ono); what happens when the muse leaves? (sometimes the artist gets another muse.....sometimes there is a burst of creativity caused by the breakup.....sometimes the creative juices dry up), etc. All in all, this is a witty, wistful, thoughtful and thought provoking look at not just the creative process but at the human condi

The women profiled in this book and the men for whom they served as muses are fascinating subjects as described by Francine Prose. The author asks and answers questions: Why do women find themselves as muses to great men? Why do these men find their muses inspiring? How do these couples interact, infuriate each other, stay together, break apart?I particularly enjoyed reading about Hester Thrale and the other 19th century muses because of the "period" color in the descriptions. In one review I read, the reviewer chastised Prose for telling these anti-feminist tales, but taken in context, the tales make sense. Many of these muses were not allowed by society to become artists on their own just because of the times in which they lived. Being muses served as their creative outlet.All in all, a fascinating work.