This book examines the four most important projects for Jewish emancipation in eighteenth-century Europe. The essays presented analyze the proposal advanced by the freethinker John Toland in 1714 and three projects of the 1780s, formulated by the state official Christian Wilhelm von Dohm in Frederick the Great's Prussia, the economist Count D'Arco in Mantua under Habsburg rule, and the Abb? Henri Gr?goire in France on the eve of the Revolution. Focusing...