The story of the "conflict thesis" between science and religion--the notion of perennial conflict or warfare between the two--is part of our modern self-understanding. As the story goes, John William Draper (1811-1882) and Andrew Dickson White (1832-1918) constructed dramatic narratives in the nineteenth century that cast religion as the relentless enemy of scientific progress. And yet, despite its resilience in popular culture, historians today have...