When Alexander, the great Macedonian conqueror, invaded India in 327 B.C., the various kingdoms and republics of the North-West failed to forge a united front against the common enemy. Some rulers, like Ambhi, submitted without resistance, while others, like Paurava and the chief of Massaga, refused to bow to Alexander even when defeat seemed certain. Although Alexander met his match in King Paurava, he managed to overpower him. Alexander was also...