Pathologies of Power: Health, Human Rights, and the New War on the Poor (Volume 4) (California Series in Public Anthropology)

This book is a collection of several essays that Dr. Farmer wrote while he was on-site in several of the areas where Partners in Health (an org he co-founded, which provides healthcare for the poor, regardless of ability to pay, including case management of complex diseases such as HIV and multidrug resistant TB) operate. From Haiti to Chiapas to the TB colonies in Russia's prisons to Boston's slums, Farmer--ever the anthropologist--is able to see beyond the symptoms he treats and points to a common cause for the poverty, disease, and suffering that he and his colleagues try to alleviate: structural violence. Hence, what one reviewer (who gave an unfavorable review) commented: that what he wrote is repetitive. I think that was the point Farmer was trying to make: these problems all have the same cause. The book is divided into two parts: in the first part, he describes the situation; in the second part, he provides analysis. Structural violence is the thread that is woven through all of these essays. The overall effect, as you can guess, is unpleasant. After finishing this book, I had the same feeling in my stomach I got when I saw a motorist deliberately run over a slow-moving critter crossing the road late one night. It is a feeling of anger and revulsion, which Farmer--ever the physician--seeks to treat with the very last chapter (Rethinking health and human rights). I admit his prose sometimes ventures out into the realm of the abstract (he is an academic after all), but concrete stories about people being beaten by soldiers and left for dead make his message loud and clear. He is angry about what he sees and he wants us to be angry too, and rightly so. Why, he asks, in the age of medical advancements and human rights, do we continue to see people dying 'stupid deaths' from preventable causes? It is an important question to ask, given that the fields of medicine and human rights generally think they don't have anything to do with each other. This book should be required reading for anyone who is studying medicine, be it clinical or public health. It should also be required reading for anyone who thinks about studying international human rights law. Finally, concerned citizens of 'donor countries' would be interested to read this book too, if only to urge our lawmakers to make sure that our tax money is not being used to fund dictatorships and dirty proxy wars.

Buy this book! Paul Farmer is a highly effective individual, and shows how one man can and did make a difference. He opens the window on what's going on in Latin America.

Paul Farmer, perhaps the most famous 'Third World doctor' living today, has written an eloquent and moving plea for a reconsideration of modern approaches toward healthcare in the developing nations in this book, "Pathologies of Power". Based on his personal experiences of care in Haiti, but also his professional visits to Russia, Africa, Central America, Mexico, Cuba and many other places besides, Paul Farmer demonstrates that the problematics of healthcare and those of poverty and inequality are insolubly linked in these nations. Whoever says "heal the sick" must also say "end poverty", for the one is not possible without the other; and whoever says "prevent disease" must also say "destroy socio-economic inequality", for the one is not possible without the other. That is the message of this book. A large part of the work consists of reflections by Farmer on his experiences in Haiti and elsewhere and on the way in which the current worldwide economic structures engender a genuine and systematic violence against the rights of the poor. Strongly inspired by liberation theology (though not necessarily religious), Farmer eloquently and effectively contrasts the heavy importance attached to individual political and legal rights with the way in which the violations of rights done by structural inequalities and injustices is wholly ignored in the same circles that would complain about the former. Rights issues are the domain of jurists, development issues the domain of (liberal) economists; but the way in which the poor and weak are constantly crushed by the systematic repression that is poverty and inequality, at least as real and at least as much a violation as any torture, that seems to be the domain of nobody at all. As Paul Farmer clearly shows, even in the lately so blossoming domain of medical and bioethics the issue of socio-economic structures is completely swept under the carpet. As he says, this really is the "elephant in the room". The same also goes for the oft-invoked importance of efficiency. Callous and counterproductive Western, often American, inspired healthcare policies in the developing nations (among which we must now sadly share Russia as well) generally fail at providing effective treatment against simple preventable disease such as TBC, because those medications that would actually help are considered "not cost-effective". This is in fact just a polite way of saying "we don't care about these people", but then phrased in a manner that will lead to less of an uproar in the newspapers. Farmer however is not fooled so easily, and sees this for what it is - a structural repression of the developing nations by the developed ones, in the name of "efficiency", i.e. efficiency in achieving the aims of the Western states. This book is a very powerful work, and a strong indictment of the prevailing attitude towards healthcare and development issues and the little attention paid to their interrelation. It also demonstrates convincingl

There are some books whose message is so pertinent to your daily life that they stay with you for a long time. Farmer's PATHOLOGIES OF POWER will have a profound impression on you. Its substance is highly relevant for current topical debates, whether on Medicare and the forty million uninsured in the US, the Canadian government's ambition to "fix" healthcare or on strategies to fight health pandemics like HIV/AIDS. Farmer submits an emphatic challenge to the medical profession, to political and business leaders, mainstream media and all of us. Farmer stands emphatically on the side of the destitute, marginalized and usually overlooked. His vivid case studies exemplify the fate of millions of "nobodies" - the silent majority of the world's population who have none or inadequate heath care. Why, he asks, are health care services not made available to all human beings irrespective of race, gender, locale, or the ability to pay? Is it not a fundamental human right? Why do millions in developing countries, in the slums of US cities or prisons in Russia, die prematurely of infectious diseases to which medical research has found successful treatments? Can we morally accept that medical research prioritizes cures for baldness or impotence over medicines that protect from drug-resistant tuberculosis or malaria? And, where has medical ethics come to that condones, or even supports, the "commodification" of medicine? How can cost-effectiveness and the ability to pay apply to essential medical treatment? he queries. Rooted in his deep belief in human dignity and the fundamental nature of human rights, Farmer also draws strength from liberation theology as he "walks the talk". For more than 20 years, Farmer, anthropologist as well as medical doctor, has dedicated his life to the struggle of the "nobodies" for survival, health and dignity. Working among the poorest and the outcasts, he has lived with the evidence that illness is intimately linked with poverty. From his base in central Haiti, one of the world's poorest regions, he has embarked on an international crusade for social and economic rights and the right to health for all - and "that means every body!" Whether in Haiti, the slums of New York and Boston, in Peru or the prisons in Russia, "structural violence" has been the underlying cause for the desperate spiral of illness and destitution. Farmer uses the concept of "structural violence" broadly to describe social inequalities, lack of economic opportunities, activities of oppressive states: the "misery of extreme poverty". Nobel Prize winning economist Amartya Sen, one of Farmer's mentors, describes it as the destructive forces of "unfreedoms". Farmer's book is a passionate testament to his many patients and their struggle for rights and dignity. Consequently, it is a damning critique of current health delivery services by governments, international health experts and aid agencies. He analyses the flaws of the charity and developme

Dr. Farmer argues that, at the very least, access to health care should be a basic human right, especially if we are to uphold the belief that all human lives are equally valuable. Pathologies of Power is an indictment on the social structures that exist to keep the destitute poor of the world just as they are - destitute, impoverished, and without hope. While the powers-that-be make excuses, Dr. Farmer provides solutions that are, indeed, quite simple. His passion for his struggle to provide health care to the poorest of the poor is matched only by his disdain for the social inequities that perpetuate the structural violence inflicted upon the least fortunate of the world. It is heartening to know that there are a few compassionates, amongst the millions of complacent, that work so tirelessly to effect change that is so desperately needed. Hopefully this book will serve as a wake-up call for the rest of us.