In early 2006, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director Dr. Elias Zerhouni asked the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) to take the lead in gathering together program scientists from across the NIH to form a Down Syndrome Working Group. The charge to this group was to coordinate ongoing research already supported by the NIH related to Down syndrome, and to enhance new, NIH-supported research efforts based on identification...