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In this powerful and thorough debunking of Social Darwinism, the author explains how mutual cooperation within species ensures that those species survive and flourish, in animals as well as in humans. This is an important book to read for those interested in leftist thought,... Read Full Overview

One hundred years after his death, Peter Kropotkin is still one of the most inspirational figures of the anarchist movement. It is often forgotten that Kropotkin was also a world-renowned geographer whose seminal critique of the hypothesis of competition promoted by Social... Read Full Overview

Kropotkin's Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution represents one of the major contributions to twentieth-century political thought. A classic, though often misunderstood text of anarchist thinking, the book offers an exciting and viable alternative to our current political models... Read Full Overview

El apoyo mutuo es un libro que trata el tema del apoyo mutuo y la cooperaci n dentro del proceso evolutivo, escrito por el anarquista ruso Piotr Kropotkin durante su exilio en Inglaterra. Fue publicado por primera vez por William Heinemann en Londres en octubre de 1902. Los distintos... Read Full Overview

Two aspects of animal life impressed me most during the journeys which I made in my youth in Eastern Siberia and Northern Manchuria. One of them was the extreme severity of the struggle for existence which most species of animals have to carry on against an inclement Nature;... Read Full Overview

In 'Mutual Aid', Peter Kropotkin attacks the use of Darwinism as a social theory, arguing that cooperation is as important as competition, and had led to the highest achievements of the human race. Examining animals, indigenous societies, medieval cities, and the modern era,... Read Full Overview

Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution is a 1902 essay collection by Russian naturalist and anarchist philosopher Peter Kropotkin. The essays, initially published in the English periodical The Nineteenth Century between 1890 and 1896, explore the role of mutually-beneficial cooperation... Read Full Overview

In this cornerstone of modern liberal social theory, Peter Kropotkin states that the most effective human and animal communities are essentially cooperative, rather than competitive. Kropotkin based this classic on his observations of natural phenomena and history, forming a... Read Full Overview

"Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution" is a 1902 collection of essays by Russian naturalist and anarchist philosopher Peter Kropotkin. Originally published in "The Nineteenth Century" from 1890 to 1896, the essays examine mutually-beneficial cooperation and reciprocity in both animal... Read Full Overview

One hundred years after his death, Peter Kropotkin is still one of the most inspirational figures of the anarchist movement. It is often forgotten that Kropotkin was also a world-renowned geographer whose seminal critique of the hypothesis of competition promoted by Social... Read Full Overview

La lucha por la existencia", el libro de Kropotkin se bas en su experiencia del d a a d a en expediciones cient ficas en Siberia para ilustrar el fen meno de la cooperaci n. Tras examinar las pruebas de la cooperaci n en comunidades de animales no humanos, "salvajes", "b rbaros",... Read Full Overview

la fin du XIXe si cle, le social-darwinisme tente d'appliquer le m canisme darwinien de s lection naturelle dans le domaine social. La comp tition pour l'existence et la survie des plus aptes sont tenus pour les principes de l' volution. Kropotkine combat ce discours, entrant... Read Full Overview

Escrita en parte como respuesta al darwinismo social y, en particular, al ensayo del siglo XIX de Thomas H. Huxley, "La lucha por la existencia", el libro de Kropotkin se bas en su experiencia del d a a d a en expediciones cient ficas en Siberia para ilustrar el fen meno de... Read Full Overview

Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution is a 1902 collection of essays by Russian naturalist and anarchist philosopher Peter Kropotkin. Originally published in "The Nineteenth Century" from 1890 to 1896, the essays examine mutually-beneficial cooperation and reciprocity in both animal... Read Full Overview

In Mutual Aid, which was first published in 1903, the renowned geographer applies his explorations of Eastern Asia and his study of wild-animal behaviour to a critical examination of the theory of evolution. His arguments anticipate in a remarkable way the contention of contemporary... Read Full Overview