The formal duel, with its elaborate ritual and code of conduct, was once considered an "honourable" way for self-styled gentlemen to settle disputes involving character and integrity. The law made no special provision for duelling--the winner in a fatal contest was a murderer. But the prevailing sentiment that a duel was "fair," and the fact that upper-crust combatants in the thinly populated 19th-century Canada were well-connected with the judiciary,...