Mind, Life, and Universe: Conversations with Great Scientists of Our Time

If, like myself, you are a lay-person who has not already devoured large quantities of science-writing for the general public, you should find this overview both very interesting and very informative. The range of scientific investigation covered is vast, and it would be truly mind-boggling to try to explore it all in depth. I think one of the main attractions of this collection of interviews of many different researchers and theorists is that you can take a brief peek at so many different fields and get a determination about which of those you might want to follow up to do more in-depth reading. My favorite portions were the interviews with those who visualize the phenomenon of life as an incredibly dynamic process where new and unsuspected functions arise from this very dynamism of seemingly opportunistic biological and even pre-biological systems to achieve sustainable complexity. Some of the authors I particularly found interesting were James Lovelock, William Day, Dorian Sagan, and John Bonner whose interviews touched on this area. The scientists I felt the least engaged by were the extreme reductionists like Daniel Dennett and Richard Dawkins who are fond of making categorical statements about the non-existence of spirit or purpose in the universe(a stance which strikes me as being arrogant by assuming more certainty than can possibly be demonstrated about such matters). However I personally feel about their opinions, I still think it is good to know what is being being propagated as accepted current science. A few(Paul Davies, in particular with his talk of worm-holes and time-travel)seem so arcane as to be out of touch with the reality with which I am familiar, but what they have to say is still interesting. My quibbles are two: Firstly the book is not as up-to-date as the publication date of 2007 would lead you to believe, with some of the interviews having occurred several years earlier--for example, the interview with Stephen J. Gould, who died in 2002. Newer developments in molecular biology, which you can read about in books like "Your Inner Fish" and "Only A Theory" are hardly touched on. Secondly, the editing seems not to be impeccable in some cases. The vernacular spoken by some of the American or English interviewees seems to be derived from a translation from English to Spanish back to English again(The interviewer, Eduardo Punset, is Spanish). This makes me wonder if we are getting an entirely accurate representation of the thoughts of the person being interviewed. But I can say that I was presented with a wealth of interesting ideas, and can recommend this book to anyone wishing to broaden their knowledge of science in general.

Enjoyed reading this book really insiteful. I really got to know each and every one of them while reading about them. They all know what they are talking about with there fields.

Eduardo Punset, the Spaniard who conducts almost all of the interviews in this wide-ranging book with some of the world's most highly respected scientists, is the host of the Spanish-language TV show Redes (Networks). As such he is experienced at drawing out scientists in such a way that their work comes alive to a general audience. Lynn Margulis is the famous biologist who pioneered endosymbiotic ideas leading to the "Origin of Eukaryotic Cells," a book she published in 1970. Here she acts as co-editor and mostly intervenes in the text in footnotes to point to errors or misconceptions. There is something almost quirky about the way these interviews, or "discussions," as Penset calls them, appear on the pages. There are typos and obvious errors in translation. Part of the problem is that the interviews in most cases were patched together from transcripts and edited to remove some of the imprecision, repetition, and the um-ing and ah-ing that natural speech is prone to. The result nonetheless is a fascinating survey of what is happening in a host of scientific fields as expressed by some of science's greatest stars. Included are interviews with Edward O. Wilson, Richard Dawkins, Jane Goodall, Oliver Sacks, James E. Lovelock, Stephen Jay Gould, Paul Davies and thirty others. There is a foreword by David T. Suzuki, and Margulis contributes an introduction with acknowledgments. A charming feature are the black and white line drawings of the scientists under the chapter headings. There are biographical notes about the scientists near the end of the book, and a list of readings recommended by the scientists (two each). Punset's interviewing style in which he interrupts and augments what the interviewee has said, while occasionally taking a kind of diversion to digress on some point, makes for lively reading. He and the interviewees sometimes even openly disagree, while the venerable Lynn Margulis sometimes comes sailing in as though from on high to make a salient point or to out-and-out contradict what someone has said! I'm sure some of the scientists were misquoted or had some of what they said truncated so that their meaning may not be exactly what they had intended. Strange to say I somewhat enjoyed the imprecision and the cluttered desk aspect to the discussions. Here's an example of what I mean. Philosopher Daniel Dennett is quoted as saying, "It has been discovered that chimpanzees have a way of catching termites with a stick, which involves using a sponge to take out water from the trunk to drink." Obviously two statements by Dennett about tool use by chimpanzees have been inadvertently meshed together! (p. 81) Here's another: Punset is talking about the genetic basis for language, music, schizophrenia, and religion. He finishes with: "Religiosity played a very important role in the early evolution of culture." Anthropologist Ralph Holloway's immediate response is "Mankind was perturbed and that is why it was selected." Jus

XXXXX Consider these eight statements: (1) "There is a psychological immune system that protects us from the 'slings and arrows of outrageous fortune'...but we are unaware of it." (2) "In a utopian world, psychopaths would stand out as predators, because that is what they do, take advantage of others. We could live in a perfect utopia and there would always be psychopaths." (3) "The role of dreams is to throw us into extraordinary social situations." (4) "We know now that practically all human health problems will be resolved one day." (5) "We will suffer for all we have done and only then will we understand how wonderful our planet was." (6) "Some animals live in the trees, others on the sea, others underground, others fly, others dig, but essentially, they are all doing the same thing: they are working to survive and therefore to pass their genes on to the future. The genes encode the instructions that enable animals to exist." (7) "If extra dimensions really explain phenomena in our world, then there are experimental implications of this fact for the future. Our ideas will lead us to see evidence for extra dimensions." (8) "If you asked me whether in a hundred years time we will travel into the future, I will tell you that it is very possible." The above are statements made by eight scientists found in this fascinating book that has the transcribed interviews of scientists from around the world. According to the book's cover, this book is edited by Dr. Lynn Margulis (who received the 1999 U.S. National Medal of Science) and Eduardo Punset who currently works in Spanish TV where he hosts a television program that communicates science to a worldwide Spanish-speaking audience. (A third editor, not mentioned on the book's cover, is Dorion Sagan, "a prolific science writer.") This book's Forward was authored by internationally-known Canadian scientist, Dr. David Suzuki. The total number of interviews is 36 but the total number of scientists interviewed is 37 since one interview is with two scientists. (Actually, if you consider the definition of the words "science" and "scientist," the number of scientists interviewed is actually 36.) Except in one case by Margulis, Punset does all the interviewing. The majority of scientists interviewed are also professors. Three scientists are female and three are Nobel Prize winners. All interviews are clear and lucid as well as relatively short. They give readers insights into the minds of some of the leading scientists from around the world, revealing their creative thought-processes and how they are passionate about their own work. Also, the reader needs no science background to understand these interviews. The book itself is divided into parts and these parts are divided into subsections. Below I will give the title of each part and the titles of their subsections. As well, I will indicate the number of interviews for each part in parentheses. (I) People primates. Subsections: Culture

MIND, LIFE AND UNIVERSE: CONVERSATIONS WITH GREAT SCIENTISTS OF OUR TIME provides a review of the latest research on life and its origins - and the thoughts of scientists and researchers on the process and findings. Punset's questions capture the research lives, work and perspectives of these scientists, blending a lively question-and-answer interview style with background history and scientific insights. Perfect for not just college-level collections in science and supplementary classroom reading and discussion on scientific debates and dialogue, but for general-interest libraries seeking further connections between lay readers and scientific research paths. Diane C. Donovan California Bookwatch