Local Environmental Struggles: Citizen Activism in the Treadmill of Production

This work provides three studies which attempt to examine how effectively local citizen groups can challenge the existing production system and its political support. The examples include water pollution, wetlands protection, and postconsumer waste recycling. In each case, the authors directly confront the simplistic assumption that simply "thinking globally" can enhance the effectiveness of local movements. However, they suggest new models for mobilizing local citizens, using a form of "political franchising", involving the interaction between local movements, national and transnational movements, and the aggregation of organized local movements