On August 27, 1883, the island of Krakatau in the Sunda Strait near Java erupted with a force nearly ten thousand times that of the hydrogen bomb dropped on Hiroshima in 1945. Two-thirds of the island disappeared. When the pall of ash lifted, the toll in human lives stood at nearly 37,000 and more than 160 villages had been wiped away without a trace. All plant and animal life on Krakatau was obliterated. Nine months after the explosion, a French...