Coral Gardens: Photographs, Text and Layout

Few individuals have had a more convoluted career, spanning eras, ideologies, and interests. Leni Riefenstahl will be, first and foremost, famous for her 1935 documentary, "Triumph of the Will" which chronicled the Nazi party congress rally in Nuremberg in 1934, and is often considered one of the most influential propagandistic movies ever made. Ms. Riefenstahl was only 32 at the time, and although at the epicenter of Nazi power, always claimed to be naïve as to the politics and intent of the regime. She insisted the movie was primarily a demonstration of her artistic skills, and there seems to be little disagreement that she was a master of this art form. In the rough-hewed justice that the Allies administered after the war, she was interned in various American and French concentration camps for a period of three years. In the post-war era she was never able to produce serious films, with the stain of her association with the Nazi leadership thwarting her attempts. None of the above is mentioned in this beautiful book of underwater photography, but the knowledge of her background underscores this significant achievement. In the post-war era she is probably most famous for her book, "Nuba," a photographic documentary of an African tribe. I felt "Coral Gardens" all the more remarkable, since Ms. Riefenstahl learned how to scuba dive at 72 (lying about her age so she could obtain a certificate). The series of photographs commences with a wonderfully composed "still-life" of a beaker sponge and two gorgonians. The side lighting (done with a "slave" remote flash) and natural surface lighting are most effective. In subsequent photos, she captures angelfish, goatfish, lion fish, parrot fish, coral trout, snappers, butterfly fish, barracuda, argus, as well as others. For the invertebrates, she photographed stinging coral, tube-worms, starfish, sponges, nudibranch, alcyonarian coral, feather stars, and others. There are even a few pictures of her "in action" in the underwater world. Her photograph of the male peacock flounder is most unusual; she also managed to capture the stone fish (which she calls a hairy stingfish, indicating that the common nomenclature is far from being standardized) both in the Indian Ocean and the Caribbean. The book begins with a few short chapters on her introduction to diving, ending with a standard "ecological plea" for people and governments to do more to protect the underwater heritage. I felt the book could have been improved by a brief biography, as outlined in the first paragraph above. Furthermore, although there is an appendix which identifies the subject matter of each photograph, including Latin names, it lacked dates, including time of year. There could also have been a further explanation on the photo equipment used, as well as the diving resorts involved. I also felt that a few of the photographs were enlarged too much for this book, which diminished their crispness. Overall though, it is one of the bes