In 1769, the court of Empress Maria Theresia witnessed one of that era'smost amazing feats of engineering: a machine that could play chess. Artfullyconstructed by a Hungarian nobleman named Wolfgang von Kempelen, thechess-machine played a unique game against each opponent, far surpassing theabilities of all its fellow automata. Throughout its eighty-five year career, audiences across Europe and the Americas flocked to see the mechanical marvelseemingly...